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Product Cosituents - Clove Bud Oil

Eugenia Caryophyllata Thumb

Fyzygium Aromaticum syn.

There is no indigenous production of clove in Europe. The main producing countries are Indonesia, Madagascar, Comores Islands and Zanzibar, the following table gives an appreciation of the yields:

           
  Clove Bud Oil        
    Origin
  Principal constituents by %        
    Comores Madagasy Zanzibar Indonesia
  eugenol 63 76 74 36
  acetoeugenol 21.8 14.7 10 11.7
  caryophyllene 3.2 3.3 3.2 2.4
  d-cadinene + cubenone 0.19 0.2 0.36 5.3
  geranyl acetate 0.44 0.47 0.55 2.2
           

Again these are major constituents only.

In Indonesia, the leaf oil is used as a cigarette flavour, but over the last few years they have had to import Madagasy material due to a disease affecting their crop. The clove trees in Zanzibar are predominantly wild, and are processed only by locals. The logistics of major companies producing clove on a commercial basis has proved too expensive, but even they agree that the East African material is of a superior quality.


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